Feed manufacturing for any kind of livestock is an an Art or we can say a complete knowledge and skill is required to meet the requirements of that livestock, taking into account the requirements as per climate and situation.
Just take the case of. humans, climatically grown fruits and vegetables are best suited for their consumption. If the bird would have been allowed to Feed themselves and set free, they would have used their sixth sense and mind to consume whatever suits them.
Humidity and Temperature are two factors which must be taken into account before formulating Feed for Broilers or layers. Some type of softwares are available to help in this direction. But if the softwares were so perfect to care of all the variables in the environment, no viral or bacterial attacks would have been there.
In this world of Commercial living we want to drive maximum benefits from minimum inputs. That's why we talk of FCR, no matter it suits that livestock or not.
Some locally grown ingredients may reduce the costing provided we know how to use them. Practically speaking no one can claim to be perfect in this world. Whosoever has done maximum of hit and trials is more near to perfection.
In broader terms following composition can be made for layers-
1.Grains - 55% ( 15% Maize+ 40% Bajra or locally available grain)
2.Protein Source 25% ( GNE, Soya, Mustard DOC, fish meal, Sunflower doc, DDGS etc.) **Mustard DOC or DDGS should not be more than 5% because of some anti Nutrient contents in them.Fish meal has good amino acid profile provided it's of good quality.But it should be restricted to max. 10%
3.Fillers-. Rice Bran DOC 10% ( it can be more or less depending on environmental temp. Oil can be used to counter very high or very low temperatures in summer or winters respectively.)
4.Marble grit+ powder. to Supplement calcium. 10%
5. Common Salt. 400 gm per quintal of Feed.
6 . Vitamin supplements, Mineral Supplements, Antifungal Agents, Lysine, Methionine,, Liver tonic etc. ( You can give 200 gm of our" Egg Formula" and 250 gm of "All in One Formula" to cater all such needs. Our Toxin Binder Formula and Liver Formula are also available. Some Feed manufacturers use up to 5% molasses also. Sterilised meat meal is also an excellent source of protein. Maize glutten etc if available is also a good source of protein.
Starter layers need higher protein than the finisher ones. Lower level of energy prompt the bird to consume more of Feed.
For Broilers-
1. Grains. 60% ( 30% Maize+ 30% Bajra)
2. Protein source. 35% ( Soya 25%+ 5% fish or Mustard DOC + 5% Maize glutten or sterilised meat meal etc)
3 .Oil 5%
4.Common salt. 400 gm. Per quintal.
4. Vitamins, Minerals, Toxin binders Liver tonics, emulsifier, Lysine and Methionine etc. Our " All-in one Formula" and " Wt Formula" takes care of all such requirements.250 gm of each in one quintal of Feed give good results.
* In Broilers, since speed of Wt gain is very important, no fillers are used. Grain and oil % can be altered +_5% as per the climate conditions. Molasses can be used up to 3%. Energy levels of 3000KCa/ Kgl plus and protein levels of 20-22% with proper levels of liver tonics give good results.
* Starter diets needs more of protein and energy so that bird develop their Skelton as early as possible to gain Wt. Finisher diets need lesser of protein because at this stage bird needs to maintain their weight. Commercial Broiler Farming is profitable only when you get good FCR ( Feed conversion ratio) .which is possible only when the quality of ingredients and quantity is not compromised.
* In disease conditions proteins levels are to be adjusted to stop weight loss in birds.
* Change in Humidity and Temperature of the climate also require changes in protein profiles of the feed. This profile can be altered with Lysine and Methionine also.
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